Conclusion. In conclusion, exothermic reactions are spontaneous processes that release energy in the form of heat. They occur when the Gibbs free energy is negative, which means that the products are more stable than the reactants. Endothermic reactions also occur naturally and spontaneously, but they absorb energy instead of releasing it The Spontaneity of A Process. Gibbs equation helps us to predict the spontaneity of reaction on the basis of enthalpy and entropy values directly. When the reaction is exothermic, enthalpy of the system is negative making Gibbs free energy negative. Hence, we can say that all exothermic reactions are spontaneous In industry, exothermic reactions have numerous applications. Some instances are: Steel production: The reduction of iron ore in a blast furnace is an exothermic process. Haber process: The synthesis of ammonia from nitrogen and hydrogen is an critical exothermic process in the production of fertilisers Dissolving laundry detergent in water is an exothermic reaction. Glow Images, Inc.,/ Getty Images. Probably the simplest and easiest exothermic reaction is one you can try right at home. Simply dissolve powdered laundry detergent in your hand with a small amount of water A reaction which is spontaneous and accompanied by decrease of randomness must be exothermic. Reason All exothermic reactions are accompanied by decrease of randomness. A. Both Assertion and Reason are correct and Reason is the correct explanation for Assertion. B Assertion: A reaction which is spontaneous and accompanied by decrease of randomness must be exothermic. Reason: All exothermic reactions are accompanied by decrease in randomness. (a) Both A and R are true and R is the correct explanation of A (b) Both A and R are true but R is not correct explanation of A Thermodynamics and Spontaneity Spontaneous change: the direction of change that does not require work (outside assistance) to bring it about Spontaneous
Why is an exothermic reaction spontaneous? + Example - Socratic
This problem has been solved! You'll get a detailed solution from a subject matter expert that helps you learn core concepts. Question: Which of the following is consistent with an exothermic reaction that is spontaneous at all temperatures? A. ∆H > 0, ∆S 0 B. ΔH > 0, ΔS 0, ∆G 0 When the process is exothermic (ΔHsystem 0), the sign of ΔGsystem is negative at all temperatures. Thus, the process is always spontaneous. is true. The logical reasoning is as follows: a negative change in enthalpy corresponds at constant P and T to heat being released by Reaction Feasibility. The Gibbs equation can be used to calculate whether a reaction is feasible or not. ΔGꝋ = ΔHreactionꝋ - TΔSsystemꝋ. When Δ Gꝋ is negative, the reaction is feasible and likely to occur. When Δ Gꝋ is positive, the reaction is not feasible and unlikely to occur. Feasible and spontaneous are fairly similar terms Such reactions are predicted to be thermodynamically spontaneous at low temperatures but nonspontaneous at high temperatures. Use the data in Example to calculate the temperature at which this reaction changes from spontaneous to nonspontaneous, assuming that ΔH° and ΔS° are independent of temperature. Given: Click here:point_up_2:to get an answer to your question:writing_hand:justify the following statementsa an exothermic reaction is always thermodynamically spontaneousb the entropy of a. Solve. Guides. the process will be non-spontaneous even if it is exothermic. (b) The entropy of vapour is more than that of liquid therefore entropy
20.3: Spontaneous and Nonspontaneous Reactions
Science. Chemistry. Chemistry questions and answers. All of the following statements are true EXCEPT ΔS > 0 for systems that become more disorderly. reactions are spontaneous when ΔG reactions are spontaneous when ΔH exothermic reactions Question: Which reaction is spontaneous at all temperatures at standard pressure and concentration? Select one: a. exothermic reaction with a decrease in entropy b. endothermic reaction with a decrease in entropy c. exothermic reaction with an increase in entropy d. endothermic reaction with an increase in entropy. There are 3 steps to